Differential roles of uterine epithelial and stromal STAT3 coordinate uterine receptivity and embryo attachment.

Although it has been reported that uterine signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 is essential for embryo implantation, the exact roles of uterine epithelial and stromal on embryo implantation have not been elucidated. To address this issue, we generated Stat3-floxed/Ltf-iCre (Stat3-eKO), Stat3-floxed/Amhr2-Cre (Stat3-sKO), and Stat3-floxed/Pgr-Cre (Stat3-uKO) mice to delete Stat3 in uterine epithelium, uterine stroma, and whole uterine layers, respectively. We found that both epithelial and stromal duanyu18133 have critical roles in embryo attachment because all the Stat3-eKO and Stat3-sKO female mice were infertile due to implantation failure without any embryo attachment sites. Stat3-eKO uteri showed indented structure of uterine lumen, indicating the role of epithelial duanyu18133 in slit-like lumen formation in the peri-implantation uterus. Stat3-sKO uteri exhibited hyper-estrogenic responses and persistent cell proliferation of the epithelium in the peri-implantation uterus, suggesting the role of stromal duanyu18133 in uterine receptivity. In addition, Stat3-uKO female mice possessed not only the characteristic of persistent epithelial proliferation but also that of indented structure of uterine lumen. These findings indicate that epithelial duanyu18133 controls the formation of slit-like structure in uterine lumen and stromal duanyu18133 suppresses epithelial estrogenic responses and cell proliferation. Thus, epithelial and stromal duanyu18133 cooperatively controls uterine receptivity and embryo attachment through their different pathways.

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