Investigation of carbonic anhydrase 6 gene polymorphism rs2274327 in relation to the oral health status and salivary composition in type 2 diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to investigate the oral manifestations and salivary composition in type 2 diabetics with periodontitis and to evaluate their association with CA6 gene polymorphism rs2274327. METHODS:Oral examination was performed by a single periodontist for 300 type 2 diabetics. Whole unstimulated saliva and blood were collected. The salivary pH, buffer capacity and flow rate were later measured. Immunoglobulin A and electrolytes were assessed using an autoanalyzer. CA6 gene polymorphism rs2274327 was screened by PCR-RFLP assay. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 20.0 version. RESULTS:The salivary pH, buffer capacity and flow rate were significantly lower in the patients carrying TT genotype compared to CC and CT genotype carriers (p < .05). Furthermore, the DMFT index, OHI-s, PI, PPD and CAL were significantly higher in the subjects with TT genotype (p < .05). Carrying at least one T allele seemed to increase the risk of dental caries (OR = 2.59, p < .001), xerostomia (OR = 2.11, p=.003) and taste impairment (OR = 1.97, p < .05). CONCLUSION:CA6 gene polymorphism rs2274327 seemed to increase the risk of developing, dental caries, periodontitis, xerostomia and taste impairment in type 2 diabetics.

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