Association Between LOX-1, LAL, and ACAT1 Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Carotid Plaque in a Northern Chinese Population.

Carotid atherosclerosis is one of the major risk factors for ischemic stroke. The presence of carotid plaque has been widely used to assess the risk of clinical atherosclerotic disease. Lectin-type oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein) receptor 1 (LOX-1), lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), and acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) are important for lipid accumulation in atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LOX-1, LAL, and ACAT1 genes and the presence of carotid plaque in a Northern Chinese population. Three polymorphisms in LOX-1 (rs1050286), LAL (rs11203042), and ACAT1 (rs11576517) were identified and genotyped in 215 patients with carotid plaque and 252 controls using the polymerase chain reaction with high-resolution melting analysis. The LOX-1 (rs1050286) AA and LAL (rs11203042) TT genotypes were significantly associated with increased risk of carotid plaque, whereas a ACAT1 (rs11576517) TT genotype was shown to be protective against carotid plaque in a Northern Chinese population (p < 0.05). Even after the Bonferroni correction, the LAL (rs11203042) TT genotype (odds ratio = 3.838, 95% confidence interval = 1.748-8.426, p < 0.001) was still associated with an increased risk for carotid plaque. These results suggest that the LAL (rs11203042) TT genotype is associated with increased risk for carotid plaque in a Northern Chinese population, and that the LOX-1 (rs1050286) AA genotype shows a nonstatistically significant trend towards association. However, no association was found between the ACAT1 (rs11576517) polymorphisms and carotid plaque presence.

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