STAT5-dependent regulation of CDC25A by miR-16 controls proliferation and differentiation in FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia.

We recently identified the CDC25A phosphatase as a key actor in proliferation and differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia expressing the FLT3-ITD mutation. In this paper we demonstrate that CDC25A level is controlled by a complex transcription and translation pathway working downstream of this receptor. First, we established by CHIP analysis that is directly involved in FLT3-ITD-dependent CDC25A gene transcription. In addition, we determined that miR-16 expression is repressed by FLT3-ITD activity, and that duanyu18135 participates in this repression. In accordance with these results, miR-16 expression was significantly reduced in a panel of AML primary samples carrying the FLT3-ITD mutation when compared with FLT3wt cells. The expression of a miR-16 mimic reduced CDC25A protein and mRNA levels, and RNA interference-mediated down modulation of miR-16 restored CDC25A expression in response to FLT3-ITD inhibition. Finally, decreasing miR-16 expression partially restored the proliferation of cells treated with the FLT3 inhibitor AC220, while the expression of miR-16 mimic stopped this proliferation and induced monocytic differentiation of AML cells. In summary, we identified a axis essential for AML cell proliferation and differentiation.

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