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RHON1 Co-transcriptionally Resolves R-Loops for Arabidopsis Chloroplast Genome Maintenance.

Cell Rep. 2020 Jan 07;30(1):243-256.e5
Zhuo Yang 1 , Mengmeng Li 1 , Qianwen Sun 2
Zhuo Yang 1 , Mengmeng Li 1 , Qianwen Sun 2

[No authors listed]

Author information
  • 1 Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences and Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
  • 2 Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences and Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: sunqianwen@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.

摘要


Preventing transcription-replication head-on conflict (HO-TRC)-triggered R-loop formation is essential for maintaining genome integrity in bacteria, plants, and mammals. The R-loop eraser RNase H can efficiently relax HO-TRCs. However, it is not clear how organisms resist HO-TRC-triggered R-loops when RNase H proteins are deficient. By screening factors that may relieve R-loop accumulation in the Arabidopsis atrnh1c mutant, we find that overexpression of the R-loop helicase RHON1 can rescue the defects of aberrantly accumulated HO-TRC-triggered R-loops co-transcriptionally. In addition, we find that RHON1 interacts with and orchestrates the transcriptional activity of plastid-encoded RNA polymerases to release the conflicts between transcription and replication. Our study illustrates that organisms employ multiple mechanisms to escape HO-TRC-triggered R-loop accumulation and thus maintain genome integrity.

KEYWORDS: R-loops, RHON1, RNase H1, head-on, organelle-encoded RNA polymerase, transcription-replication conflicts