Common Variant in TREM1 Influencing Brain Amyloid Deposition in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM1) has been reported to associate with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Recently, TREM1 variant rs2234246^A was reported to regulate TREM-1 protein and mRNA levels. We explored the effect of rs2234246 on AD specific biomarker (amyloid-β PET) to look into the role of this TREM1 locus in AD pathogenesis. We calculated the association of the TREM1 locus with amyloid deposition at baseline and follow-up using both multiple linear models and mixed effect models respectively in 522 the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) subjects. We also analyzed the association of TREM1 with this marker in subregions during the AD process. In the pooled sample, TREM1 rs2234246^A was associated with the levels of mean standard uptake volume ratios (SUVRs) at baseline (p = 0.02) and the length of follow-up (p = 0.04) in the cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal study. Subgroup analyses showed no correlation between rs2234246^A and amyloid deposition in the cognitively normal (CN) group. In the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group, TREM1 rs2234246^A reached significance at baseline (p = 0.04) and the length of follow-up (p = 0.04). In the AD group, TREM1 rs2234246^A was associated with mean SUVR at baseline (p < 0.001) and the length of follow-up (p = 0.001). In subregion analyses, TREM1 rs2234246^A was detected to be related to Aβ deposition. This study demonstrated an association between TREM1 variant rs2234246 and brain amyloidosis. Our findings implied that this variant is involved in AD by influencing Aβ neuropathology.

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