Myeloid-derived suppressor cells control B cell accumulation in the central nervous system during autoimmunity.

Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells have been characterized in the context of malignancies. Here we show that can restrain B cell accumulation during central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity. Ly6G⁺ cells were recruited to the CNS during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), interacted with B cells that produced the cytokines GM-CSF and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and acquired properties of duanyu1451-MDSCs in the CNS in a manner dependent on the signal transducer Depletion of Ly6G⁺ cells or dysfunction of Ly6G⁺ cells through conditional ablation of led to the selective accumulation of GM-CSF-producing B cells in the CNS compartment, which in turn promoted an activated microglial phenotype and lack of recovery from EAE. The frequency of CD138⁺ B cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of human subjects with multiple sclerosis was negatively correlated with the frequency of duanyu1451-MDSCs in the CSF. Thus duanyu1451-MDSCs might selectively control the accumulation and cytokine secretion of B cells in the inflamed CNS.

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