[No authors listed]
Sleep disorder is confirmed as a core component of Alzheimer's disease (AD), while the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in brain tissue is an important pathological feature of AD. However, how Aβ affects ADâassociated sleep disorder is not yet well understood. In the present study, experiments on animal and cell models were performed to detect the association between sleep disorder and Aβ. It was observed that Aβ25â35 administration significantly decreased nonârapid eye movement sleep, while it increased wakefulness in mice. In addition, reverse transcriptionâquantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of tau, pâtau, orexin A and orexin neurons express adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) were markedly upregulated in the brain tissue of AD mice compared with that in samples obtained from control mice. Furthermore, the in vitro study revealed that the expression levels of tau, pâtau, orexin A and adenosine A1R were also significantly increased in human neuroblastoma SHâSY5Y cells treated with Aβ25â35 as compared with the control cells. In addition, the tau inhibitor TRx 0237 significantly reversed the promoting effects of Aβ25â35 on tau, pâtau, orexin A and adenosine A1R expression levels, and adenosine A1R or orexin A knockdown also inhibited tau and pâtau expression levels mediated by Aβ25â35 in AD. These results indicate that Aβ and tau may be considered as novel biomarkers of sleep disorder in AD pathology, and that they function by regulating the expression levels of orexin A and adenosine A1R.
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