Immunoregulatory functions and the therapeutic implications of GARP-TGF-β in inflammation and cancer.

(glycoprotein-A repetitions predominant) is a type I transmembrane cell surface docking receptor for latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) that is abundantly expressed on regulatory T lymphocytes and platelets. Gduanyu37 regulates the availability of membrane-bound latent TGF-β and modulates its activation. For this reason, Gduanyu37 expression on immune and non-immune cells is involved in maintaining peripheral tolerance. It plays an important role in preventing inflammatory diseases such as allergy and graft versus host disease (GvHD). Gduanyu37 is also frequently hijacked by cancer cells to promote oncogenesis. This review summarizes the most important features of Gduanyu37 biology described to date including gene regulation, protein expression and mechanism in activating latent TGF-β, and the function of Gduanyu37 in regulatory T cell biology and peripheral tolerance, as well as increasingly recognized roles in platelet-mediated cancer immune evasion. The promise for strategy as a novel immunotherapy of cancer is also highlighted.

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