[The effect of rutin and hesperidin on the expression of Nrf2- and AhR-regulated genes and CYP3A1 gene in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride].

The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of rutin (R) and hesperidin (Hes), the main representatives of two most studied subclasses of flavonoids - flavonols and flavanones, on the expression of prototypical Nrf2 and AhR-regulated genes and CYP3A1 gene in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Investigations were carried out on 5 groups of male Wistar rats with the initial body weight (b.w.) 180-200 g (n=40). Rats of the control group and the 1st experimental group received for 14 days the semisynthetic diet, rats of the 2nd experimental group - the same diet plus R (400 mg/kg b.w.), the animals of the 3rd experimental group received the diet with Hes in the same amount, of the 4th experimental group - diet with R (400 mg/kg b.w.) and Hes (400 mg/kg b.w.). Animals of the experimental groups 24 hours before the end of experiment were injected intraperitoneally CCl4 at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg b.w. in olive oil; rats of the control group were injected equal amount of olive oil. For gene expression assessment the mRNA content of NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1), Nrf2 (Nrf2), AhR (AhR), CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A1 and β-actin (Actb) in rat liver was determined by real-time RT-PCR. The results showed that in rats intoxicated with CCl4, enrichment of the diet with R, but not with Hes, led to a significant increase in the expression of genes Hmox1, NQO1 and CYP3A1. Combined intake of R and Hes with the diet led to additivity of their action on the expression of Hmox1 gene and to synergism in the effect on the expression of genes NQO1 and CYP3A1. A moderate increase in the levels of expression of AhR and CYP1A2 genes as compared to their expression in rats treated with CCl4 only, CCl4 and R or CCl4 and Hes has been noted. Thus, for the first time on the model of oxidative stress in rats the data have been obtained showing at the gene expression level a synergism of action of two flavonoids - R and Hes, widely present in the daily human diet.

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