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Phosphorylation of residues inside the SNARE complex suppresses secretory vesicle fusion.

EMBO J.2016 Aug 15;35(16):1810-21. Epub 2016 Jul 11
Seth Malmersjö 1 , Serena Di Palma 2 , Jiajie Diao 3 , Ying Lai 3 , Richard A Pfuetzner 3 , Austin L Wang 3 , Moira A McMahon 4 , Arnold Hayer 5 , Matthew Porteus 4 , Bernd Bodenmiller 6 , Axel T Brunger 3 , Tobias Meyer 1
Seth Malmersjö 1 , Serena Di Palma 2 , Jiajie Diao 3 , Ying Lai 3 , Richard A Pfuetzner 3 , Austin L Wang 3 , Moira A McMahon 4 , Arnold Hayer 5 , Matthew Porteus 4 , Bernd Bodenmiller 6 , Axel T Brunger 3 , Tobias Meyer 1
+ et al

[No authors listed]

Author information
  • 1 Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA sethma@stanford.edu tobias1@stanford.edu.
  • 2 Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • 3 Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Photon Science, and Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.
  • 4 Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
  • 5 Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
  • 6 Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

摘要


Membrane fusion is essential for eukaryotic life, requiring SNARE proteins to zipper up in an α-helical bundle to pull two membranes together. Here, we show that vesicle fusion can be suppressed by phosphorylation of core conserved residues inside the SNARE domain. We took a proteomics approach using a knockout mast cell model and found that the key mast cell secretory protein VAMP8 becomes phosphorylated by at multiple residues in the SNARE domain. Our data suggest that VAMP8 phosphorylation reduces vesicle fusion in vitro and suppresses secretion in living cells, allowing vesicles to dock but preventing fusion with the plasma membrane. Markedly, we show that the phosphorylation motif is absent in all eukaryotic neuronal VAMPs, but present in all other VAMPs. Thus, phosphorylation of SNARE domains is a general mechanism to restrict how much cells secrete, opening the door for new therapeutic strategies for suppression of secretion. © 2016 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY NC ND 4.0 license.

KEYWORDS: SNARE complex, VAMP8, mast cell degranulation, protein kinase C, secretion