Thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating metabolism and can affect metabolism-related traits such as fat deposition. The thyroglobulin (TG) gene produces the precursor of thyroid hormones and has been proposed as a candidate gene for a quantitative trait locus with an effect on fat deposition. In this study, we identified 4 novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5' flanking region of the TG gene using a DNA sequencing method. The SNP marker association analysis indicated that the T1355C SNPs were significantly associated with meat percentage (P < 0.05). A significant association between the G1356A polymorphism and live weight and loin muscle area was also detected (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between 4 SNPs and the other growth, carcass composition, and meat quality traits including intramuscular fat. The results of this study suggest that TG gene-specific SNPs may be a useful marker for growth traits in marker-assisted selection programs in beef cattle.