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A formin-nucleated actin aster concentrates cell wall hydrolases for cell fusion in fission yeast.

J. Cell Biol.2015 Mar 30;208(7):897-911
Omaya Dudin 1 , Felipe O Bendezú 1 , Raphael Groux 1 , Thierry Laroche 2 , Arne Seitz 2 , Sophie G Martin 3
Omaya Dudin 1 , Felipe O Bendezú 1 , Raphael Groux 1 , Thierry Laroche 2 , Arne Seitz 2 , Sophie G Martin 3
+ et al

[No authors listed]

Author information
  • 1 Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • 2 Bioimaging and Optics Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • 3 Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland sophie.martin@unil.ch.

摘要


Cell-cell fusion is essential for fertilization. For fusion of walled cells, the cell wall must be degraded at a precise location but maintained in surrounding regions to protect against lysis. In fission yeast cells, the formin Fus1, which nucleates linear actin filaments, is essential for this process. In this paper, we show that this formin organizes a specific actin structure-the actin fusion focus. Structured illumination microscopy and live-cell imaging of Fus1, actin, and type V myosins revealed an aster of actin filaments whose barbed ends are focalized near the plasma membrane. Focalization requires Fus1 and type V myosins and happens asynchronously always in the M cell first. Type V myosins are essential for fusion and concentrate cell wall hydrolases, but not cell wall synthases, at the fusion focus. Thus, the fusion focus focalizes cell wall dissolution within a broader cell wall synthesis zone to shift from cell growth to cell fusion.