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The emerging function of IQD proteins as scaffolds in cellular signaling and trafficking.

Plant Signal Behav. 2013 Jun;8(6):e24369. Epub 2013 Mar 26
Steffen Abel 1 , Katharina Bürstenbinder , Jens Müller
Steffen Abel 1 , Katharina Bürstenbinder , Jens Müller

[No authors listed]

Author information
  • 1 Department of Molecular Signal Processing; Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry; Halle, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle, Germany; Department of Plant Sciences; University of California-Davis; Davis, USA.

摘要


Calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling modules are essential for adjusting plant growth and performance to environmental constraints. Differential interactions between sensors of Ca(2+) dynamics and their molecular targets are at the center of the transduction process. Calmodulin (CaM) and CaM-like (CML) proteins are principal Ca(2+)-sensors in plants that govern the activities of numerous downstream proteins with regulatory properties. The families of IQ67-Domain (IQD) proteins are a large class of plant-specific CaM/CML-targets (e.g., 33 members in A. thaliana) which share a unique domain of multiple varied CaM retention motifs in tandem orientation. Genetic studies in Arabidopsis and tomato revealed first roles for IQD proteins related to basal defense response and plant development. Molecular, biochemical and histochemical analysis of Arabidopsis IQD1 demonstrated association with microtubules as well as targeting to the cell nucleus and nucleolus. In vivo binding to CaM and kinesin light chain-related protein-1 (KLCR1) suggests a Ca(2+)-regulated scaffolding function of IQD1 in kinesin motor-dependent transport of multiprotein complexes. Furthermore, because IQD1 interacts in vitro with single-stranded nucleic acids, the prospect arises that IQD1 and other IQD family members facilitate cellular RNA localization as one mechanism to control and fine-tune gene expression and protein sorting.

KEYWORDS: IQ motif, calcium, calmodulin-binding, cellular signaling, cytoskeleton, kinesin, microtubules, scaffold proteins

基因