Potential role for MATER in cytoplasmic lattice formation in murine oocytes.

BACKGROUND:Mater and Padi6 are maternal effect genes that are first expressed during oocyte growth and are required for embryonic development beyond the two-cell stage in the mouse. We have recently found that localizes to, and is required for the formation of, abundant fibrillar Triton X-100 (Triton) insoluble structures termed the oocyte cytoplasmic lattices (CPLs). Given their similar expression profiles and mutant mouse phenotypes, we have been testing the hypothesis that MATER also plays a role in CPL formation and/or function. METHODOLOGY/FINDINGS:Herein, we show that duanyu1563I6 and MATER co-localize throughout the oocyte cytoplasm following Triton extraction, suggesting that MATER co-localizes with duanyu1563I6 at the CPLs. Additionally, the solubility of duanyu1563I6 was dramatically increased in Mater(tm/tm) oocytes following Triton extraction, suggesting that MATER is involved in CPL nucleation. This prediction is supported by transmission electron microscopic analysis of Mater(+/+) and Mater(tm/tm) germinal vesicle stage oocytes which illustrated that volume fraction of CPLs was reduced by 90% in Mater(tm/tm) oocytes compared to Mater(+/+) oocytes. CONCLUSIONS:Taken together, these results suggest that, similar to MATER is also required for CPL formation. Given that duanyu1563I6 and MATER are essential for female fertility, these results not only strengthen the hypothesis that the lattices play a critical role in mediating events during the oocyte-to-embryo transition but also increase our understanding of the molecular nature of the CPLs.

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