Fission yeast MAP kinase is required for the increased securin-separase interaction that rescues separase mutants under stresses.

Sister chromatid separation requires two steps of proteolysis. Securin, the chaperon and inhibitor of separase, is destructed in anaphase after polyubiquitination, and resulting activated separase cleaves the cohesin subunit Scc1/Rad21. Fission yeast securin/Cut2 and separase/Cut1 that form the complex are essential for viability and a number of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants have been isolated. We here report that the stresses such as 1.2 M sorbitol, 0.6 M KCl and 0.1 M CaCl(2) in the medium suppress the ts phenotypes of all the cut1 mutants and two of the three cut2 mutants examined. This unexpected finding led us to study how the ts phenotypes of cut1 and cut2 mutants were rescued by the increased stresses. The stresses caused a temporal arrest in the cell number increase, and this arrest was dependent on Spc1/Sty1 but not Rad3 and Mad2. During the 2-3 hr arrested period that occurred prior to the restart of division cycle, the level of securin dramatically increased, apparently accompanying the increased complex formation with mutant separase protein. Securin bound to separase was hyperphosphorylated. The stresses could not rescue the indestructible Cut2 and Rad21 mutants. We postulate that the stresses produce the hyperchaperonic form of Cut2 that can rescue separase mutations.

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