Protein kinase Cdelta is responsible for constitutive and DNA damage-induced phosphorylation of Rad9.

The mammalian homolog of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rad9 is involved in checkpoint signaling and the induction of apoptosis. While the mechanisms responsible for the regulation of human Rad9 (hRad9) are not known, hRad9 is subject to hyperphosphorylation in the response of cells to DNA damage. The present results demonstrate that protein kinase Cdelta associates with Rad9 and that DNA damage induces this interaction. phosphorylates hRad9 in vitro and in cells exposed to genotoxic agents. The functional significance of the interaction between hRad9 and duanyu1531delta is supported by the finding that activation of duanyu1531delta is necessary for formation of the Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 complex. We also show that duanyu1531delta is required for binding of hRad9 to Bcl-2. In concert with these results, inhibition of duanyu1531delta attenuates Rad9-mediated apoptosis. These findings demonstrate that duanyu1531delta is responsible for the regulation of Rad9 in the Hus1-Rad1 complex and in the apoptotic response to DNA damage.

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