Cell cycle-dependent association of Arabidopsis actin-related proteins AtARP4 and AtARP7 with the nucleus.

Arabidopsis encodes at least eight actin-related proteins most of which have orthologs in other distant organisms. To gain insight into the role of in plants, we have examined the spatial expression and subcellular distribution of two highly divergent Arabidopsis and Atduanyu374 is a homolog of human BAF53 and yeast Arp4, and is a novel, ancient and plant-specific actin-related protein that is not distinctly related to any known duanyu37s from other kingdoms. Analysis of both these proteins with and antibodies revealed that they were most abundant in young meristematic and floral tissues, but were expressed constitutively in all organs and cell types irrespective of their developmental stage. Immunofluorescence studies showed that both Atduanyu374 and Atduanyu377 were localized predominantly to the nucleus during interphase. In mitotic cells lacking a nuclear envelope (e.g. metaphase, anaphase, and early telophase stages), these duanyu37s were excluded from the condensed chromosomes and dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. In contrast, a putative Arabidopsis histone H2B protein remained associated with the interphase nuclei as well as chromosomes throughout the cell cycle. Based on our results and data on the yeast ortholog of these two nuclear plant duanyu37s may be involved in the modulation of chromatin structure and transcriptional regulation mainly in interphase cells.

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