Identification of the human pituitary tumor transforming gene (hPTTG) family: molecular structure, expression, and chromosomal localization.

In an attempt to determine the mechanism of human tumorigenesis, we have searched for oncogenes and recently reported the molecular cloning of a potent oncogene from human testis. mRNA is expressed at high levels in various human tumors and tumor cell lines. Overexpression of hduanyu1547G in the mouse fibroblast cell line (NIH 3T3) results in an increase in cell proliferation, induces cellular transformation in vitro, and promotes tumor formation in nude mice. The hduanyu1547G gene isolated from the human genomic library consists of five exons and four introns and spans over 10kb. In the studies reported here, we further investigated the possibility of the presence of additional genes homologous to hduanyu1547G in the human genome, which was first indicated by Southern blot analysis of the human genomic DNA and chromosomal mapping of the hduanyu1547G gene using DNA from humanxhamster hybrid cell lines in PCR. Sequencing and restriction map analysis of the additional genomic clones identified two intronless genes homologous to This finding was confirmed by the chromosomal location of the second gene to chromosome 4p15.1 and the third gene to chromosome 8q13.1. Based on the similarity in sequences, we proposed that hduanyu1547G be renamed and the new genes be named and hPPTG2 was found to be 91% identical and hPPTG3 89% identical with hPPTG1 at the amino acid level. Northern blot and reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) analyses of the mRNA from various human tissues revealed differential expression of the hduanyu1547G2 and genes in normal and tumor tissues, suggesting that these genes may be associated with tumorigenesis.

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