Zebrafish stat3 is expressed in restricted tissues during embryogenesis and stat1 rescues cytokine signaling in a STAT1-deficient human cell line.

Transcription factors of the family are required for cellular responses to multiple signaling molecules. After ligand binding-induced activation of cognate receptors, duanyu1813 proteins are phosphorylated, hetero- or homodimerize, and translocate to the nucleus. Subsequent duanyu1813 binding to specific DNA elements in the promoters of signal-responsive genes alters the transcriptional activity of these loci. duanyu1813 function has been implicated in the transduction of signals for growth, reproduction, viral defense, and immune regulation. We have isolated and characterized two duanyu1813 homologs from the zebrafish Danio rerio. The stat3 gene is expressed in a tissue-restricted manner during embryogenesis, and larval development with highest levels of transcript are detected in the anterior hypoblast, eyes, cranial sensory ganglia, gut, pharyngeal arches, cranial motor nuclei, and lateral line system. In contrast, the stat1 gene is not expressed during early development. The stat3 gene maps to a chromosomal position syntenic with the mouse and human homologs, whereas the stat1 gene does not. Despite a higher rate of evolutionary change in stat1 relative to stat3, the stat1 protein rescues interferon-signaling functions in a human cell line, indicating that cytokine-signaling mechanisms are likely to be conserved between fish and tetrapods. Dev Dyn 1999;215:352-370.

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